Incoterm 2010

Incoterm 2010 là bộ quy tắc thương mại quốc tế của ICC, xác định rõ trách nhiệm, chi phí và rủi ro giữa người bán và người mua. Bao gồm 11 điều kiện giao hàng, Incoterm 2010 giúp minh bạch vận chuyển, bốc xếp và bảo hiểm trong hợp đồng xuất – nhập khẩu.

Marine Only Terms:

FAS (Free Alongside Ship):

• The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are alongside the ship, and the buyer bears all costs from that moment onwards.

FOB (Free on Board):

• The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel, and the buyer bears all costs from that moment onwards.

CFR (Cost & Freight) to a named place

• The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel.
• The buyer bears all costs once the seller has delivered the goods to the named place.

CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) to a named place

• The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel, but the seller covers insurance costs for the buyer until freight is delivered to the name place.
• The buyer bears all costs once the seller has delivered the goods to the named place.

All Modes of Transportation:

EXW (Ex Works):

• The risk of loss or damage to the goods passes when the goods are recovered from the seller’s facility, and the buyer bears all costs from that moment onwards.

FCA (Free Carrier) to a named place

• The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are delivered by the seller to the named place, and the buyer bears all costs from that moment onwards, however, the seller must take care of the export clearance if applicable.

CIP (Carriage & Insurance Paid) to a named carrier/place

• The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods turned over to the named carrier, but the seller covers insurance costs for the buyer until freight is delivered to the name place.
• The buyer bears all costs once the seller has delivered the goods to the named place.

CPT (Carriage Paid To) to a named carrier/place

• The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are turned over to the named carrier, but the buyer bears all costs after carrier has delivered goods to a named place.

DAP (Delivered at Place) to a named place

• The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes once the goods are delivered at the named place, and the buyer bears all costs from the named place onwards.

DAT (Delivered at Terminal) to a named terminal

• The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes once the goods have been made available at said terminal.

DDP (Delivered Duty Paid):

• The risk of loss or damage to the goods passes once the buyer has control of the product, and the seller bears all costs until goods delivered to the buyer.

📌 Kết luận về Incoterm 2010

Incoterm 2010 là tập hợp 11 điều kiện thương mại quốc tế do Phòng Thương mại Quốc tế (ICC) ban hành, dùng để phân định trách nhiệm, chi phí và rủi ro giữa bên bán và bên mua khi giao nhận hàng hóa trong mua bán quốc tế. Việc sử dụng Incoterm 2010 trong hợp đồng giúp hai bên đồng nhất các nghĩa vụ về giao hàng, thanh toán, vận tải và chuyển rủi ro một cách minh bạch và thống nhất.